






Animal Damage
Environmental Damage
Fungal Disease
Insect Damage
Nematode Damage

| Hardiness Zone: |
3 - 7
[Find Your Zone] |
| Mature Height: | 30-60 Feet |
| Features: | Evergreen needles, bluish green and twisted; orange bark on older specimens. |
| Culture: | Full sun; prefers well-drained soils and can tolerate dry sites; acid soil. |
| Cultivars: | 'Fastigiata'-narrow, columnar habit. |
| Mature Form: | Pyramidal when young; developing a wide-spreading, open and picturesque form with age. |
| Native To: | Europe and Asia |
| Soil Conditions: |
Dry Moist, Well-DrainedWet
|
| Tolerance: |
Alkaline Soil
Dry SitesSalt
Soil Compaction
Wet Sites
Wind |
| Uses: |
Massing
Patio
Screen
Shade
Specimen
Street
Wind Break
|
| Foliage Color: |
Green |
| Fall Foliage Color: |
Green |
| Additional Notes: | Disease problems can limit the usefulness of this species. |