Greetings Dan,
Yes, the heavily compacted, high clay soils could certainly be contributing to the decline of your eastern white pine trees. Moreover, the removal of a significant portion of the tree's root system during transplanting has undoubtedly had an effect as well.
I would strongly urge you to either contact a local certified arborist for an on-site evaluation, or contact your local UI Extension office to see if they have a local horticulturist on staff who may be able to provide an on-site evaluation. Deep core aeration may be necessary if this perched water table effect is contributing to the tree's chlorotic colored foliage.
My advice, get a professional on-site to evaluate the multiple variables involved.