Greetings Stacie:
Forest & Tree Health questions are without a doubt the most difficult to answer simply because an on-site evaluation and assessment is almost always required.
Based on your observations, as long as the branches and buds appear to be alive (i.e., if you scratch them and they are still green) then there still is a chance your tree will leaf out. Moreover, I'm not an advocate of fertilizing newly planted trees as fertilization is not warranted the first 2-3 years.
So, what should you do? My suggestion for you is to contact a local certified arborist for an on-site visit (check yellow pages or Illinois Arborist Association online).
Sorry I couldn't help more, but these questions really need to be answered by a professional who can observe the tree(s) in person.
Best of luck!