Greetings Peter:
Since there is a lot of information available on this topic, I'm going to steer you to two Websites:
1. Illinois Natural Resources Conservation Service. This Website serves as an Illinois Native Plant Guide and talks about streambank stabilization, species selection, plant material vendors, etc.
http://www.il.nrcs.usda.gov/technical/plants/npg/
2. Ken Robertson’s List of IL Native & Naturalized Woody Plants (including willows):
http://www.inhs.uiuc.edu/~kenr/woody2.html
You can also consider sycamore, cottonwood, river birch, silver maple, boxelder - don't limit yourself to one species when a mix species planting would probably prove more successful in the long-run.
Best of luck to you!