Hi Sarah:
In general, yes -- one of our 21 native oak species would probably grow in your front yard depending on how much growing space you have to work with. The majority of our native oak species can grow to be large, stately specimens.
However, I am a little concerned when you say nothing will grow in the area where a previous pine tree was taken out as many pine species are adapted to poor(er) soils and low fertility sites. Is there an issue with the soils or drainage in your front yard?
Probably the easiest way to proceed is to contact your local UI Extension office and work with a horticulturist, Master Gardener, or Master Naturalist to determine which trees or shrubs would be best adapted to your front yard.
UI Extension Horticulture: https://extension.illinois.edu/global/horticulture
